Linux

Traefik itself does not include WAF capabilities. If you want to add this capability, you can opt to replace Traefik with Apache httpd or nginx coupled with ModSecurity, however you loose the autoconfiguration of Traefik. Fortunately, Alexis Couvreur has developed a ModSecurity plugin for Traefik to forward requests received by Traefik to another webserver (running ModSecurity) before actually forwarding the requests to the application server. If the ModSecurity webserver returns a code > 400, then Traefik will reject the request, otherwise it will forward it to the application server. ...

Gitea is great when you want a fast, light and yet user-friendly git repositories. Alternatives would be Gogs, Gitlab or even Github. Gitea documentation tells you to use docker exec to perform a backup. However, this prevents you from using an additional volume to dump the backup into. Instead, I prefer to use a similar command using docker run. Assuming the following: the container network is called gitea_default, you only need this if you use an external database such as MySQL the container is called gitea the backup directory is in the current directory and named backups docker run --rm -it --network gitea_default --volumes-from gitea --volume $(pwd)/backups:/backups --user git --workdir /backups --entrypoint '/app/gitea/gitea' gitea/gitea:1.15.10 dump -c /data/gitea/conf/app.ini

If you have the power of multiple servers connected to a UPS, you probably need to shut them down when the power goes down and before the UPS runs out of juice. Unless your UPS can be connected to the network, you usually can only connect a single device to it using good old serial or brand new USB. That single host now knows about the UPS status, but what about all the other systems? That’s when Network UPS Tools, aka NUT, comes into play. ...

Recently, I had to set up a new PKI. I was going to go with the good old OpenSSL but it’s 2021, there must be a more userfriendly and, more importantly, automated approach. There are many open-source possibilities: EJBCA, cfssl, Hashicorp Vault, Smallstep Certificates. I chose to use Smallstep certificates because it has all the features I need and they are not behind a pay-wall: lightweight: small Go binary, you can run it with a file-based database (similar to SQLite) user friendly CLI: compared to openssl commands ACME protocol: useful for Traefik reverse proxy OIDC authentication support: the guys are super friendly and available on their Discord channel Be sure to check their website, they have other features that you might want, especially their Certificate Manager. They also have a SaaS offering if you do not want to get your hands dirty. ...

I recently installed an Ubuntu 21.04 and when I wanted to install Atom editor, I was given the following warning about apt-key being deprecated: Warning: apt-key is deprecated. Manage keyring files in trusted.gpg.d instead (see apt-key(8)). After a bit of Googling around, I stumbled on this post on askubuntu.com explaining why apt-key was being deprecated. Then the folks at docker.com give a nice easy command to convert an old PGP key in base64 to a keyring. ...

After reading many articles and trying many things, this is how I solved it. For docker daemon itself to use a proxy, configure environment variables using systemd file /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/http-proxy.conf : [Service] Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://user:pass@proxy.domain.com:3128/" Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://user:pass@proxy.domain.com:3128/" Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,docker,*.domain.com" For gitlab-runner daemon itself to use a proxy, configure environment variables using systemd file /etc/systemd/system/gitlab-runner.service.d/http-proxy.conf : [Service] Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://user:pass@proxy.domain.com:3128/" Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://user:pass@proxy.domain.com:3128/" Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost,docker,*.domain.com" Reload systemd and restart docker daemon: systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart docker For git commands run by gitlab-runner to use a proxy, use gitlab-runner config file. In /etc/gitlab-runner/config.toml , under [[runners]] , add the following line: ...

It happens I recently had to install Gitlab and was a bit lost about what to do right after the setup finished, perhaps this will help. By default, Gitlab stores its data files in /var/opt/gitlab and its backups in /var/opt/gitlab/backups. It would be a good idea to use dedicated partitions for each of those directories. Let’s say you use /dev/sdb1 for Gitlab data and /dev/sdc1 for the backups. gitlab-ctl stop mkdir /mnt/gitlab mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/gitlab mkdir /mnt/gitlab/backups mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/gitlab/backups tar -C /var/opt -cf - gitlab | tar -C /mnt -xpsf - umount /mnt/gitlab/backups umount /mnt/gitlab mv /var/opt/gitlab /var/opt/gitlab.old mkdir /var/opt/gitlab mount /dev/sdb1 /var/opt/gitlab mount /dev/sdc1 /var/opt/gitlab/backups gitlab-ctl start Do not forget to edit /etc/fstab. Configure your timezone: https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/administration/timezone.html Note: all usual timezones are not available. ...

Here is how to establish an IPsec tunnel between an Ubuntu 20.04 host and a Mikrotik router using IKEv2. The 2 endpoints of the tunnel are: ubuntu.xentoo.info : the Ubuntu server. This server has a local private subnet 10.0.0.0/24 and a fixed public IPv4 address 1.2.3.4 . The hostname ubuntu.xentoo.info resolves to the public IP address. mikrotik.xentoo.info : the Mikrotik router. This router has a local private subnet 192.168.0.0/24 and a dynamic public IPv4 address. I will use fqdn identifiers, pre-shared-key and both IKE and ESP will have the same parameters: ...

“Firefly III” is a (self-hosted) manager for your personal finances. You can find more about it on the following sites: https://github.com/firefly-iii/firefly-iii https://docs.firefly-iii.org/ Install prerequisites Let’s first install the requirements to run Firefly. Firefly documentation says it runs on PHP 7.2 but that’s wrong, it needs >=7.3 . Unfortunately, Ubuntu 19.04 comes with PHP 7.2 by default, so we need to use a PPA to have a more recent version. ondrej/php PPA has version 7.4 at this time, that will be perfect. ...

As a personal note to myself :-) apt-get install make gcc pkg-config libasound2-dev wget http://www.pjsip.org/release/2.6/pjproject-2.6.tar.bz2 tar -xjf pjproject-2.6.tar.bz2 cd pjproject ./configure && make dep && make sudo make install sudo cp pjsip-apps/bin/pjsua-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu /usr/local/bin/pjsua That’s it!